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Esther

Old Testament

Section: History   •   Trad. Author: Unknown (trad. Mordecai)   •   Original Language: Hebrew

Bible Project Overview

God's hidden providence in the Persian Empire

Chapter Summaries

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Chapter Summary Commentary
1
King Xerxes holds a lavish feast. Queen Vashti refuses his command to appear, so she is deposed to set an example for all women.
2
Esther, a Jewish orphan raised by Mordecai, is chosen as queen. Mordecai uncovers a plot against the king and reports it.
3
Haman rises to power and demands honor, but Mordecai refuses to bow. Enraged, Haman plots to destroy all Jews and casts lots (Purim) to set the date.
4
Mordecai urges Esther to plead with the king. Esther agrees, saying, “If I perish, I perish,” and prepares to approach the king uninvited.
5
Esther approaches the king, who receives her favorably. She invites the king and Haman to a banquet, arousing Haman’s pride and fury toward Mordecai.
6
The king, unable to sleep, reads records and learns of Mordecai’s past loyalty. Haman, intending to seek Mordecai’s death, is ordered to honor him publicly instead.
7
At Esther’s banquet, she exposes Haman’s plot against her people. The king orders Haman to be hanged on the gallows he had prepared for Mordecai.
8
The king grants Esther and Mordecai authority to write a decree allowing Jews to defend themselves. Mordecai is honored, and the Jews rejoice.
9
The Jews defeat their enemies on the appointed day. Purim is established as an annual feast to celebrate their deliverance.
10
Mordecai is exalted to second in command under the king, bringing prosperity and peace to the Jews.

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